1998. Existing techniques for estimating natural fluctuations of sea level and global ice-volume from the recent geological past exploit fossil coral-reef terraces or oxygen-isotope records from benthic foraminifera. Fossil reefs reveal the magnitude of sea-level peaks (highstands) of the past million years, but fail to produce significant values for minima (lowstands) before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) about 20,000 years ago, a time at which sea level was about 120 m lower than it is today1, 2, 3, 4. The isotope method provides a continuous sea-level record for the past 140,000 years (ref. 5) (calibrated with fossil-reef data6), but the realistic uncertainty in the sea-level estimates is around 20 m. Here we present improved lowstand estimates—extending the record back to 500,000 years before present—using an independent method based on combining evidence of extreme high-salinity conditions in the glacial Red Sea with a simple hydraulic control model of water flow through the Strait of Bab-el-Mandab, which links the Red Sea to the open ocean. We find that the world can glaciate more intensely than during the LGM by up to an additional 20-m lowering of global sea-level. Such a 20-m difference is equivalent to a change in global ice-volume of the order of today’s Greenland and West Antarctic ice-sheets. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v394/n6689/full/394162a0.html
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1671134/posts?q=1&;page=151
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2014 Red Sea.
(a) Red Sea RSL data (blue) for 0–150 kyr (ref. 5) and 150–500 kyr (this study), superimposed on the 95% probability interval of the RSL dataset (light grey) and 95% probability interval for the probability maximum (dark grey). http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140925/ncomms6076/abs/ncomms6076.html
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2014.